📄 Category

pharmacology and toxicology

77 papers

Pharmacology and toxicology explore how substances interact with living systems, ranging from the development of life-saving medicines to understanding the dangers of chemical exposure. This field sits at the critical intersection of chemistry and biology, asking essential questions about how drugs work, how the body processes them, and what happens when things go wrong. It is a dynamic area where researchers constantly strive to improve patient safety while discovering new therapeutic possibilities.

At Gist.Science, we bridge the gap between complex research and public understanding by curating the latest preprints from bioRxiv in this vital category. Our team processes every new submission from bioRxiv as it appears, transforming dense scientific data into both plain-language overviews and detailed technical summaries. This ensures that whether you are a specialist or a curious reader, you can grasp the significance of these emerging findings without getting lost in jargon.

Below are the most recent pharmacology and toxicology papers from bioRxiv, each accompanied by our expert analysis to help you navigate the latest scientific breakthroughs.

📄 pharmacology and toxicology

Evaluation of ivermectin effectiveness under contrasting anthelmintic resistance scenarios in beef cattle: a comparative study in Italy and Argentina

This comparative study demonstrates that while ivermectin exhibits similar pharmacokinetic profiles in both young and adult cattle, its therapeutic efficacy varies drastically between Argentina and Italy due to widespread anthelmintic resistance in Argentine farms versus high susceptibility in Italian herds, underscoring the critical need for resistance diagnostics before treatment.

Canton, C., Bosco, A., Maurelli, M. P., Vitiello, P., Ceballos, L., Dominguez, P., Moriones, L., Torres, J. M., Alvarez (…)2026-07-31
📄 pharmacology and toxicology

Predicting tuberculosis relapse based on 28-day CFU, RS ratio, and/or drug contribution for novel regimens in the relapsing mouse model

This study developed and validated a computational model that accurately predicts long-term tuberculosis relapse in mice using only 4-week data on colony-forming units and ribosomal RNA synthesis ratios, thereby enabling the efficient screening and prioritization of novel short-course treatment regimens.

van Wijk, R. C., Solans, B. P., Chaba, L., Sordello, S., Upton, A. M., Nuermberger, E. L., Robertson, G. T., Walter, N. (…)2026-07-30
📄 pharmacology and toxicology

Endocannabinoid ligands (CBD, Δ9THC, and Terpenes) inhibit excitability of mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons and exhibit synergistic inhibitory effects

This study demonstrates that cannabidiol (CBD), delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and terpenes individually and synergistically inhibit the excitability of mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons through receptor-dependent and indirect mechanisms, supporting the potential of multi-component cannabis formulations as effective non-opioid analgesics.

Choudhury, H., Nicola, M., Greenland, B. W., Guest, D., Spencer, J., Dilley, A.2026-07-22
📄 pharmacology and toxicology

Gene III(R) L-Ergothioneine Ameliorates Exercise-Induced Fatigue by Attenuating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Modulating the AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway

This study demonstrates that Gene III(R) L-Ergothioneine supplementation effectively alleviates exercise-induced fatigue in mice by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation while activating the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway to enhance mitochondrial function and cellular protection.

Ding, W., Cao, J., Guo, C., Liu, W., Li, X., Xiao, G.2026-07-17
📄 pharmacology and toxicology

The Nematicide Tioxazafen Disrupts Proteasome Function via Cytochrome P450 Bioactivation

This study reveals that the nematicide tioxazafen causes skin rashes and lethality by being bioactivated into proteasome-disrupting toxins by specific cytochrome P450 enzymes, a mechanism missed in pre-market testing due to species differences in enzyme activity.

Chen, L., Thompson, K., Kamal, M., Sihuta, K., Topalidou, I., Burns, A. R., Farshour, N. H., Cooke, B., Knox, J., Jiang (…)2026-07-16
📄 pharmacology and toxicology

Netrin-1 inhibition does not attenuate cancer-induced bone pain in three translational models

This study demonstrates that inhibiting netrin-1 with NP137 fails to alleviate cancer-induced bone pain or reduce bone destruction in three translational models, suggesting that while netrin-1 may be involved in early-stage disease, its inhibition does not produce therapeutic anti-nociceptive effects.

Hopkins, C., Brandt Lassen, M., Ploug Hansen, L., Tang, Y., Ciputra, E., Lund Jorgensen, T., Haaber Christensen, M., Ped (…)2026-07-13
📄 pharmacology and toxicology

Proteomic profiling of xenobiotic and nutrient transporters in human placenta of different gestational ages

This study utilized data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry to comprehensively profile membrane-associated transport proteins in human placenta across all three trimesters, revealing that the abundance of solute carrier and ATP-binding cassette transporters is significantly higher in early gestation compared to term, thereby providing critical insights into how fetal exposure to nutrients and xenobiotics changes throughout pregnancy.

Weaver, E. M., Topletz-Erickson, A., Isoherranen, N., Unadkat, J. D., Arnold, S. L. M.2026-06-30